How To Say Grandma In Cantonese

If you come from an Asian family, you must have attended family gatherings, dinners, gatherings, etc. You must have experienced a situation like this at least once. times in life: Mom: hello family members. Reading: how to say grandma in cantonese You: * panicked because he didn’t know which of them to address * uHM… Unable to contact? Either you’ve mastered the art of Chinese kinship terms (in this case, congratulations!), or your native language doesn’t have the same kinship (or confusing) system as Chinese. , here’s what’s happening: A kinship system defines what you call your relatives – think of a family tree, but with all the relatives a person can have and the algorithms the language they use to refer to them. Chinese uses a different kinship system than English. The Chinese kinship system is classified as the descriptive (or Sudanese) kinship system. This means that you refer to each of your relatives with a different kin term (there are at least 8 different terms just for your different cousins). Chinese system of kinship (shape represents gender; individual name of each relative – represented by shapes of single color; no repetition of same-colored shape indicates zero) there is repetition of the word relative)The kinship system in English (shapes represent gender; overlapping relative names – indicated by similarly colored shapes; repetitions of identically colored shapes indicate repetition of kinship terms used) Here’s an example: in English you would refer to your paternal aunt and maternal aunt by the same term: aunt. But in Chinese, the term for maternal aunt is different from the term for maternal aunt. Take that concept and apply it to all the other relatives you have — aunts, uncles, cousins, grandparents, and everyone in between. That’s a lot of terms! Recently, I attended a family dinner to celebrate my grandfather’s birthday. Of course, my father’s whole family attended. And naturally, I called all of my relatives “aunt” and “uncle,” just like I did during the 19 years of my life. I’m good at Chinese to begin with). I’ve always struggled with addressing my Chinese relatives. I’m also a bit into linguistics, so the kinship system is quite interesting to me. So I decided to learn Chinese kinship terms and share what I’ve learned with all of you! Read more: How to use rosettes Plus, check out these pronunciation guides for letters and tones! Happy learning!

A quick coat of primer

Many Chinese kinship terms combine words for different types of relationships (I’ll call them relationship signs), especially blood and marriage. It’s important to know these relationships, because that largely determines the kinship terms you’ll use. This can be a good time to do a genealogy or call a relative so you can keep track of who is related to whom. Social relationships are ingrained in language (since language is the foundation of social communication), and kinship systems shed light on how we relate to each other. In Chinese, this is especially evident in relational signs and the use of numerals to distinguish between siblings (since numbers also indicate importance!). as I know. You’ll see those listed below the “Normal/Speech Variations” heading.

Immediate family

Let’s start with your immediate relatives. This part is pretty simple – no fancy relationship markers here. Some of these terms will also appear later along with others, so I highly recommend you master this before moving on to the rest! EnglishChineseMother [maa1 maa1]Regular / Speaking Variations: [maa1 mi4]老 媽子 [lou5 maa1 zi2]Father [baa1 baa1]Regular / Speaking Variations:爹 哋 [de1 di6] [lou5 dau6]Brother [go1 go1]Regular / Speaking Variations: [daai6 go1]Sister [ze2 ze2]Regular / Speaking Variations:家 姐 [gaa1 ze2]Brother [dai6 dai6]Regular / Speaking Variations:細 老 [sai3 lou5]Little sister [mui6 mui6]Regular / Speaking Variations:細 妹 [sai3 mui6]Husband [lou5 gung1]Wife [lou5 po4]Son [zai2]Daughter [neoi5]

Grandparents and great-grandparents

Moving one generation up to grandparents, the kinship relationships are now different on both sides of the family (paternal side and paternal side). In some of these terms, you will see the relation marker “外” [ngoi6]. “外” literally means “outside”, and refers to a relationship outside of father-son bloodline – the relationship by marriage. EnglishChineseGrandma [maa4 maa4]Grandpa [je4 je4]Grandmother [ngoi6 po4]Regular / Speaking Variations: [po4 po4]Mom’s Grandfather [ngoi6 gung1]Regular / Speaking Variations: [gung1 gung1]Great-grandmother [taai3 maa4]Great-grandfather [taai3 je4]Mother’s great-grandmother [taai3 po4]Mother’s great-grandfather [taai3 gung1]

Aunt and Aunt

This is where I encountered (and still am) the most trouble – distinguishing aunts and uncles and their spouses proved to be an arduous task. Sometimes it can be difficult to keep track of the relationships between you and your aunts and uncles (because asking yourself “who are you?” without making the situation awkward is already a feat). If you’re really confused or can’t figure out who’s who in a timely manner (don’t want to leave the aunties waiting eagerly!), do yourself a favor and default to “aunt” and “uncle” – at least until you can figure out the exact kinship terms. It’s an easy way to break out of an awkward silence while you’re brainstorming for the right words or the possible stress of using an incorrect term. It can also make your aunt and uncle feel younger than they really are – which (at least in my experience) they will definitely appreciate! EnglishChineseGrandma’s elderly aunt 姑媽 [gu1 maa1]Younger auntie [gu1 ze2]Elderly uncle [baak3 fu6]Younger auntie [suk1 suk1]The husbands of the aunts [gu1 zoeng6]Uncle’s wife 娘 [baak3 noeng4]Grandpa’s wife is younger 阿嬸 [aa3 sam2]Old aunt [ji4 maa1]Younger auntie [aa3 ji4]My Aunt’s Husband [ji4 zoeng6]Mother’s uncle [kau5 fu6]Mother’s aunts and uncles [kau5 mou5]Grandma’s eldest uncle 伯公 [baak3 gung1]Younger father’s great-uncle 叔公 [suk1 gung1]The wife of the maternal uncle’s uncle 婆 [baak3 po4]Uncle’s wife is younger than father’s [suk1 po4]Father’s aunts [gu1 po4]Great aunt’s husbands 公 [gu1 zoeng6 gung1]Mother’s aunts and uncles [kau5 gung1]Mother and Aunt ‘Wife 婆 [kau5 po4]Mother’s aunt [ji4 po4]Mother-in-law’s aunts 公 [ji4 zoeng6 gung1]Now here’s a problem: say your father has three older sisters. They will all be yours [gu1 maa1], but how do you distinguish between the three? How do you mention one without mentioning all? In these situations, you would call your eldest brother yours [daai6 gu1 maa1] (where [daai6] meaning “big”), and others 姑媽 [ji6 gu1 maa1] and [saam1 gu1 maa1] in order of age (this is a crash course on Chinese numerals). So in this case, your will be your oldest person’s biological aunt, and your will be your oldest person’s biological aunt. You can also call dad’s youngest aunt a friend 姑媽 [siu2 gu1 maa1] (where [siu2] means “small”), use 小 instead of a digit. These additions (大, , and digits) can be used before any kinship term to distinguish between siblings (whether they’re yours or not) in your family tree. friend.

Cousins ​​and their spouses

Read more: how to install a pool ladder [ze2] [mui6] [go1] [dai6]) with one of two relation signs – [tong4] or [biu2] – added to the front. Here, sibling terms indicate age and sex (姐 is older female, 妹 is younger female, 哥 is older male, and 弟 is younger male). The relationship marker 堂 indicates a blood relationship, while the relationship marker 表 indicates a relationship by marriage. EnglishChineseOld mother Female Cousin 表姐 [biu2 ze2]Old mother Nam Cousin 表妹 [biu2 mui6]The mother is younger than her cousin 表哥 [biu2 go1]Mother’s younger male cousin 表弟 [biu2 dai6]Daughter of Father’s Brother (Older Me) [tong4 ze2]Daughter of Father’s Brother (Smaller than Son) [tong4 mui6]Father’s Son (Older Son) [tong4 go1]Father’s Brother (Younger Than Son) [tong4 dai6]Father’s sister’s daughter (Older me) [biu2 ze2]* Father’s sister’s daughter (smaller than me) [biu2 mui6]* Father’s sister’s son (Older than you) [biu2 go1]* Father’s older sister’s son (younger than you) [biu2 dai6]* ‘s wife [biu2 sou2].’s husband [biu2 ze2 fu1].’s wife [biu2 dai6 fu5].’s husband [biu2 mui6 fu1]’s wife [tong4 sou2].’s husband [tong4 ze2 fu1].’s wife [tong4 dai6 fu5].’s husband [tong4 mui6 fu1]* Note: The children of your father’s biological sisters are your children [biu2 ze2] [biu2 mui6] [biu2 go1]and [biu2 dai6] because the children of your father’s sisters are classified according to the bloodline of your father’s sisters, so they are related by marriage.

The nieces and nephews

Similar to your cousins, how you refer to your nieces and nephews depends on their relationship to your father’s bloodline. EnglishChineseBrother’s daughter immediately [zat6 neoi5]Brother’s son immediately 仔 [zat6 zai2]Instant sister’s daughter [ngoi6 sang1 neoi5]Instant sister’s son [ngoi6 sang1]Once again, “外” [ngoi6] here means the marriage relationship according to the father-son bloodline. Your 外甥女 and 外甥 are of your brother-in-law’s bloodline and take your brother-in-law’s surname, so they are outside of your parent’s bloodline and take the relationship sign “外” (relationship marriage).

Grandchildren

Here, you will notice the repetition of the word “孫” [syun1], which literally means “descendant”. You will also see more about “外” [ngoi6]relationship marker “marriage by relationship”. EnglishChineseSon Son [syun1 zai2]Son’s Daughter [syun1 neoi5]Daughter of a daughter [ngoi6 syun1]Daughter of a daughter [ngoi6 syun1 neoi5]

In law

Whether you call your son-in-law depends on whether you are married to a family, or your spouse is married to your family. You will also see the use of the relationship marker “外” [ngoi6] here. EnglishChineseHusband’s father [lou5 je4]Husband’s Mother [naai5 naai5]Wife’s father [ngoi6 fu6]Mother-in-law [ngoi6 mou5]Husband’s eldest brother [daai6 baak3]Husband’s eldest sister 奶 [gu1 naai5]Husband’s younger brother [siu2 suk1]Husband’s sister [gu1 zai2]Wife’s eldest brother [daai6 kau5]Wife’s sister [daai6 ji4]Wife’s brother [kau5 zai2]Wife’s sister [ji4 zai2]Daughter-in-law [san1 pou5]Son-in-law [neoi5 sai3]Son’s Wife 抱 [syun1 san1 pou5]Daughter’s Wife [ngoi6 syun1 san1 pou5]Husband’s Daughter 女婿 [syun1 neoi5 sai3]Husband’s daughter [ngoi6 syun1 neoi5 sai3]Congratulations! Now you have learned how to address your loved one in Cantonese! Are you still confused? Don’t be discouraged – kinship terms are hard to learn and remember (I still struggle sometimes!). For a quick update, check out this Off The Great Wall video for a quick recap and this Omniglot article for a table of Chinese kinship terms and their variations in different dialects of Chinese. China! If you are interested in learning about the more technical side of kinship terms, the article Terms of Address in Cantonese discusses the linguistics of kinship terms and Cultural Notes and the communicative function of Chinese kinship terms detail the role of kinship terms in culture, society, and communication. Do you speak a language that uses a different kinship system? Have you had similar problems with the kinship system? Or, maybe you’ve mastered your kinship system and have a tip for us? Leave comments about your experiences – I’d love to hear about them! Read more: How to make the perfect apply

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