14.2: Alcohols – Nomenclature And Classification

Nomenclature of alcohol

Alcohols with one to four carbon atoms are often referred to by their common names, where the name of the alkyl group is followed by the word alcohol:Read: how to name wine Read more: how to add emojis to youtube comments | Top Q & AA According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), alcohols are named by changing the end of the parent alkane name to -ol. Here are some basic IUPAC rules for naming alcohol:

The longest continuous chain (LCC) of carbons containing the OH group is taken as the parent compound — an alkane with the same number of carbons. The string is numbered from the end closest to the OH group.

The position number of the OH group is preceded by the name of the parent hydrocarbon, and the -e tail of the parent alkane is replaced by the suffix -ol. (In open-chain alcohols, the carbon atom carrying the OH group is denoted C1, but group 1 is not used in the name.) Substituents are named and numbered as in alkanes.

If more than one OH group occurs in the same molecule (polyhydroxy alcohol), suffixes such as -diol and -triol are used. In these cases, the -e ending of the parent alkane is retained.

Figure (PageIndex {1}) shows some examples of the application of these rules. Read more: how to put a hummingbird on your hand

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