Who was john mark in the bible

Video Who was john mark in the bibleJohn Mark is a minor biblical determine who lived in the course of the first century. He’s historically believed to even be Mark the Evangelist, the writer of the Gospel of Mark. Within the E-book of Acts, John Mark was a companion of Paul and Barnabas. Whereas the Bible doesn’t verify or deny this, many consider he developed an in depth relationship with Peter, and that his gospel data Peter’s account of Jesus’ life and ministry.If he was, in actual fact, Mark the Evangelist, then in accordance with the early church, John Mark was additionally the primary bishop of Alexandria and the primary particular person to determine a Christian church in Africa.Reading: Who was john mark in the bibleHis title first seems in Acts 12:12, when Peter escapes from jail and retreats to a home of Christians—which occurs to be the home of John Mark’s mom, Mary. Many students speculate that this was the beginning of a long-standing relationship between them, and that John Mark finally recorded Peter’s account of Jesus’ life and ministry within the Gospel of topqa.information subsequent time we see John Mark within the Bible, he’s a touring companion of Paul and Barnabas (Acts 12:25). John Mark finally created a battle between Paul and Barnabas, and in consequence, they parted methods on Paul’s second missionary journey.The New Testomony solely mentions John Mark by title a handful of occasions—although some students speculate he’s an unnamed character within the Gospel of Mark as properly (Mark 14:51-52).So who was this obscure biblical determine? And why does the church consider he wrote the Gospel of Mark—which is extensively believed to have been the primary gospel ever written? We’re going to look at every part the Bible says about John Mark, and what we will collect from historic Christian writers.First, some fast details.

Who was John Mark?

In relation to the small print of John Mark’s life, the Bible doesn’t give us a lot to go on. For millennia, students have picked aside the passages that point out him, straining them for clues about this obscure, but essential biblical determine. Past a smattering of details we will glean from Scripture and a few conflicting accounts from the early church, we’re left to take a position who he was and what he did.Right here’s what we all know.

John, additionally known as Mark

The Bible by no means really refers to somebody named John Mark. However a number of passages in Acts check with a person as “John, also called Mark.” That is the particular person we all know as John Mark—maybe he could be extra precisely remembered as “John/Mark.” Within the first century, John was the most typical Hebrew title. Mark was the most typical Roman title. It wasn’t uncommon for somebody to go by each a Hebrew and Roman title, as we see with Saul, additionally known as Paul.Since this particular person had two of the most typical names of his time, it might be a mistake to imagine each reference to an individual named Mark is referring to the person we all know as John Mark. Nonetheless, some students argue that the truth that this title was so widespread is exactly why we must always assume if the Bible says “Mark,” it means this Mark.There are many different widespread names within the Bible, and in lots of instances, when there are two or extra folks with the identical title, the biblical writer makes an attempt to differentiate them. We are able to all the time inform when the Bible is referring to John the Baptist or John the apostle. Whereas there have been two apostles with the title Judas, one is known as Judas Iscariot, and the opposite is Judas son of James (Luke 6:16). To not point out the quite a few Marys and Jameses who’re all distinct in narrative topqa.information when Peter mentions “my son Mark” in 1 Peter 5:13, he clearly assumes the church buildings he wrote to would know precisely which Mark this was. In a few of Paul’s letters, he mentions a person named Mark with even much less effort to differentiate whom he’s referring to (2 Timothy 4:11, Philemon 24).If, as church custom attests, there was a widely known Mark within the first-century church, it’s not unreasonable to imagine that until a biblical writer says in any other case, a reference to a Mark was a reference to this Mark.

The son of Mary

John Mark is first talked about in Acts 12:12, the place Luke makes use of him to differentiate which Mary he’s referring to:“When this had dawned on him, he went to the house of Mary the mother of John, also called Mark, where many people had gathered and were praying.”Since Mary was a house owner with not less than one servant (Acts 12:13) and Christians gathered in her residence, she was almost certainly a rich, respected girl. The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary suggests she seemingly performed a vital function within the early Christian church, and that this standing has led to quite a few speculations about John Mark and his household:“Both the house itself and the household of Mary probably were significant for the early Christian community in Jerusalem, since Peter seems to have known that Christians would be gathered there for prayer. Thus the role of John Mark in early Church tradition often is associated with the presumed wealth and prestige of Mary, who was a homeowner with a maidservant (Rhoda) and who could support gatherings of early Christians for worship. The common, though most likely errant, belief that John Mark was the “young man” who escaped seize by the Romans on the arrest of Jesus (Mark 14:51-52) rests upon the idea that the Backyard of Gethsemane was owned and tended by the household of Mary. Based on this view, John Mark maybe would have been stationed on the backyard as a guard in the course of the evening watch. One other custom, which maintains that the Final Supper (Mark 14) was held within the residence of Mary, assumes that the family was conversant in the work of Jesus and was receptive to his exercise. Papias of Hierapolis argues towards an in depth relationship between Jesus and the household, nonetheless, since he notes particularly that Mark “had not heard the Lord, nor had he followed him” (Eusebius, Church Historical past 3.39.15).”

A companion of Paul and Barnabas

Later in Acts 12, Luke mentions John Mark once more. This time, he’s hitting the street with Paul and Barnabas:“When Barnabas and Saul had finished their mission, they returned from Jerusalem, taking with them John, also called Mark.” —Acts 12:25John Mark doesn’t play a outstanding function in any of the occasions on this missionary journey, however Luke does point out that he was their “helper” (Acts 13:5). The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary speculates he might have been one thing like “a recorder, catechist, and travel attendant.”When Paul and Barnabas reached Perga in Pamphylia (an historic metropolis in modern-day Turkey), John Mark leaves them and returns to Jerusalem.The Bible doesn’t inform us why he left, however when Paul and Barnabas have been discussing their second missionary journey, they have been divided about bringing John Mark alongside, and in the end parted methods due to him. (Extra on that later.) Regardless of the battle was, if we assume Paul’s letters check with this Mark, it could appear that they repaired the connection:“Only Luke is with me. Get Mark and bring him with you, because he is helpful to me in my ministry.” —2 Timothy 4:11

Was John Mark Barnabas’ cousin?

In his letter to the church in Colossae, Paul refers to an individual named Mark with an attention-grabbing element:Read more: Who is required to wear a hair restraint while working“My fellow prisoner Aristarchus sends you his greetings, as does Mark, the cousin of Barnabas. (You have received instructions about him; if he comes to you, welcome him.)” —Colossians 4:10This provides a little bit of a twist to the disagreement between Paul and Barnabas. Paul didn’t wish to convey John Mark with them on their second journey, as a result of he deserted them in the course of the primary one, however Barnabas wished John Mark to come back with them so badly that he was prepared to go with out Paul.On the Seventy Apostles (a listing of the seventy apostles from Luke 10), presumably written within the late second or early third century, makes a distinction between this Mark and the person we all know as John Mark:“Mark, cousin to Barnabas, bishop of Apollonia. . . . Mark, who is also John, bishop of Bibloupolis.”Nonetheless, given his affiliation with Paul and Barnabas and the shortage of assist for this distinction elsewhere, many students belief that Mark, the cousin of Barnabas is similar particular person as John Mark.

Not an eyewitness to the gospel

On the Seventy Apostles lists Mark the Evangelist among the many 70 (or 72) disciples Jesus despatched out in Luke 10. That is seemingly meant to current him as an eyewitness to the life and ministry, however an earlier declare by Papias of Hierapolis (who lived from round 60-163 AD) says the Mark who wrote the gospel was not an eyewitness:“Mark, having become the interpreter of Peter, wrote down accurately, though not in order, whatsoever he remembered of the things said or done by Christ. For he neither heard the Lord nor followed him, but afterward, as I said, he followed Peter, who adapted his teaching to the needs of his hearers, but with no intention of giving a connected account of the Lord’s discourses, so that Mark committed no error while he thus wrote some things as he remembered them. For he was careful of one thing, not to omit any of the things which he had heard, and not to state any of them falsely.” —Church Historical pastThat is the earliest declare that Mark’s gospel was based mostly on Peter’s account, and it’s potential that Papias is definitely quoting the Apostle John right here, although he calls him John the Elder.Some students have speculated that Mark included himself as an unnamed character within the gospel. His gospel is the one one which makes observe of a mysterious younger man who escapes bare after Jesus’ arrest in Mark 14:“A young man, wearing nothing but a linen garment, was following Jesus. When they seized him, he fled naked, leaving his garment behind.” —Mark 14:51-52Whereas occurrences like that have been pretty widespread in historic writings, that is pure hypothesis, and it’s not in keeping with the earliest traditions.Moreover, there are indicators throughout the gospel itself that the writer was not an eyewitness to the occasions recorded in Mark. There are a number of cases the place it’s clear the writer wasn’t conversant in the geography of the locations they wrote about.Bible critic Randel McCraw Helms places it bluntly:“Mark knew so little about the area that he described Jesus going from Tyrian territory ‘by way of Sidon to the Sea of Galilee through the territory of the Ten Towns’ (Mark 7:31); this is similar to saying that one goes from London to Paris by way of Edinburgh and Rome.”

Was John Mark the identical particular person as Mark the Evangelist?

John Mark is historically thought of the identical particular person as Mark the Evangelist—the writer of the Gospel of Mark.Once more, On the Seventy Apostles makes a distinction between these two folks:“Mark the evangelist, bishop of Alexandria. . . . Mark, who is also John, bishop of Bibloupolis.”Nonetheless, an earlier declare by Papias of Hierapolis, preserved in Eusebius’ Church Historical past, states that the Mark who wrote the Gospel of Mark was not an eyewitness, making him the person referred to as Mark the Evangelist. Take one other take a look at what he mentioned:“Mark, having become the interpreter of Peter, wrote down accurately, though not in order, whatsoever he remembered of the things said or done by Christ. For he neither heard the Lord nor followed him, but afterward, as I said, he followed Peter . . .”This contradicts the later file in On the Seventy Apostles, and leaves the likelihood open that John Mark is the Mark who wrote the gospel that bears his title. Whereas no church father explicitly says John Mark wrote the gospel, they unanimously state {that a} man named Mark did, and none of them distinguish this particular person from the person named John, who was additionally known as Mark—or any of the opposite Marks talked about within the epistles.And as we mentioned earlier than, many students argue that since Mark was such a typical title, it could’ve been essential to differentiate which Mark they have been referring to until there was one Mark this was clearly referring to, such because the Mark talked about all through Acts and the epistles, who was intently related to Peter, Paul, and Barnabas.So there’s no outright proof that John Mark is Mark the Evangelist, however there’s no proof that he isn’t both. And for hundreds of years, the church has used these names interchangeably.

The primary bishop of Alexandria

If we settle for that John Mark can also be Mark the Evangelist, then in accordance with custom, he additionally based the church in Alexandria (probably the most essential church buildings in early Christianity) round 49 AD. This additionally makes him the primary particular person to convey Christianity to Africa.Read more: Who does arizona cheat on callie withIn Church Historical past, Eusebius data:“And they say that this Mark was the first that was sent to Egypt, and that he proclaimed the Gospel which he had written, and first established churches in Alexandria.And the multitude of believers, both men and women, that were collected there at the very outset, and lived lives of the most philosophical and excessive asceticism, was so great, that Philo thought it worthwhile to describe their pursuits, their meetings, their entertainments, and their whole manner of life.”

Battle with Paul

The Bible doesn’t say why John Mark deserted Paul and Barnabas in the course of their first missionary journey, which in fact has led to all types of hypothesis. Some give the same old mundane causes: he acquired sick, he was too younger, or one thing got here up. However what the Bible does inform us is that no matter John Mark’s purpose was, when Paul and Barnabas have been speaking about bringing him alongside for the second journey, they “had such a sharp disagreement that they parted company” (Acts 15:39).It’s onerous to think about Paul could be that upset if John Mark left as a result of he was sick. Some students counsel that as a Jewish believer, maybe John Mark left over a disagreement about circumcision.The Baker Encyclopedia of the Bible frames the disagreement this fashion:“Quite possibly, Mark had reservations about the wisdom of evangelizing Gentiles (such as the Cypriot proconsul, 13:12) without requiring some attachment to Judaism, a problem of conscience over which the early Jewish church continuously agonized (note 11:1-3; 15:5; Gal 2:11-14). After the Jerusalem Council (c. AD 49) decreed that gentile Christians need not be circumcised (Acts 15:22-29), Mark may have reconsidered his previous action and decided to cast his lot with Paul. But at this point the apostle may well have doubted the clarity and firmness of the young man’s convictions.Barnabas, who saw things differently, parted company with Paul and returned to Cyprus with Mark.”John Mark’s relationship to Barnabas seemingly added to the strain right here. In the event that they have been cousins, Barnabas might have been specializing in his loyalty to his household.In any case, Paul and John Mark seem to have reconciled their relationship later on-assuming the Mark Paul refers to as a “fellow worker” (Philemon 24) and “very useful to my ministry” (2 Timothy 4:11) is John Mark.

Did John Mark actually write the Gospel of Mark?

Whether or not or not John Mark wrote the Gospel of Mark largely is determined by in the event you settle for he was the identical particular person as Mark the Evangelist. The early church unanimously claimed the Gospel of Mark was written by Mark the Evangelist, that he was intently related to Peter, and that his gospel was based mostly on Peter’s account.Papias’ assertion, preserved by Eusebius, is the earliest file that Mark wrote the gospel that bears his title.In In opposition to Heresies, Irenaeus of Lyons (who lived from about 115-202 AD) wrote concerning the origins of every gospel and mentioned:“Matthew also issued a written Gospel among the Hebrews in their own dialect, while Peter and Paul were preaching at Rome, and laying the foundations of the Church. After their departure, Mark, the disciple and interpreter of Peter, did also hand down to us in writing what had been preached by Peter.”In his commentary on 1 Peter, Clement of Alexandria (who lived from round 150-215 AD) talked about:“Mark, the follower of Peter, while Peter publicly preached the Gospel at Rome before some of Caesar’s equites, and adduced many testimonies to Christ, in order that thereby they might be able to commit to memory what was spoken, of what was spoken by Peter wrote entirely what is called the Gospel according to Mark.”In In opposition to Marcion, Tertullian (who lived round 160-225 AD) wrote concerning the authority of the gospels:“The same authority of the apostolic churches will afford evidence to the other Gospels also, which we possess equally through their means, and according to their usage—I mean the Gospels of John and Matthew—whilst that which Mark published may be affirmed to be Peter’s whose interpreter Mark was. For even Luke’s form of the Gospel men usually ascribe to Paul. And it may well seem that the works which disciples publish belong to their masters.”Origen, the second-third century Bible scholar, supported Mark’s authorship as properly. In his commentary on Matthew he talks concerning the order the gospels have been written in:“The second written was that according to Mark, who wrote it according to the instruction of Peter, who, in his General Epistle, acknowledged him as a son, saying, ‘The church that is in Babylon, elect together with you, saluteth you; and so doth Mark my son.’”The gospel itself is technically nameless, however no different writer has ever been urged, and the earliest accounts all declare it was written by Mark.So the true query is: is “John, also called Mark,” the identical man the early church known as Mark? Most trendy students—and centuries of church custom—say sure.

An obscure biblical determine, an essential early Christian

The Bible doesn’t have a lot to say about John Mark. Or any particular person named Mark. Nevertheless it does inform us that somebody named Mark was near Peter and Paul—two of crucial leaders of the early Christian church. And the earliest sources we’ve got inform us that regardless of his minor function in Scripture, this particular person known as Mark had a significant function in spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ all through the world.Read more: Who is jenna davis dating

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