Republican Party | Top Q&A

Republican PartyBasic factsLocation:Washington, D.C.Type:Political partyTop official:Ronna Romney McDaniel, ChairwomanYear founded:1854Website:Official websiteThe Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties of the United States. It is often referred to as the Grand Old Party or the GOP. The party’s main counterpart is the Democratic Party. The Grand Old Party nickname, which had previously been used by Southern Democrats, was applied to the Republican Party following the 1888 election cycle. At the time, Republicans had regained control of the presidency and Congress for the first time since the Grant administration. The Chicago Tribune proclaimed, “Let us be thankful that under the rule of the Grand Old Party … these United States will resume the onward and upward march which the election of Grover Cleveland in 1884 partially arrested.”[1]The party’s principal governing organization is the Republican National Committee (RNC), which is responsible for developing and promoting the Republican political platform, as well as coordinating fundraising and election strategy. It is also responsible for organizing and running the Republican National Convention every four years.Reading: who is sarah sanders husbandThe modern GOP supports a conservative platform on the American political spectrum, with foundations in laissez-faire capitalism, low taxes, supply-side fiscal policies and social conservatism.[1][2][3][4][5]Party members typically but do not always or uniformly favor the following policy positions. All positions are taken from the Republican Party’s 2016 platform:[6]

• “Wherever tax rates penalize thrift or discourage investment, they must be lowered. Wherever current provisions of the code are disincentives for economic growth, they must be changed”;
• “We envision a worldwide multilateral agreement among nations committed to the principles of open markets”;
• “We … support the appointment of justices and judges who respect the constitutional limits on their power and respect the authority of the states to decide … fundamental social questions”;
• “Lawful gun ownership enables Americans to exercise their God-given right of self-defense for the safety of their homes, their loved ones, and their communities. … We oppose ill-conceived laws that would restrict magazine capacity or ban the sale of the most popular and common modern rifle”;
• “We support the development of all forms of energy that are marketable in a free economy without subsidies, including coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power, and hydropower”;
• “To preserve Medicare and Medicaid, the financing of these important programs must be brought under control before they consume most of the federal budget, including national defense”;
• “Our highest priority … must be to secure our borders and all ports of entry and to enforce our immigration laws”;
• “[The Affordable Care Act] must be removed and replaced with an approach based on genuine competition, patient choice, excellent care, wellness, and timely access to treatment.”

Background

History

The Republican Party (GOP) was founded in 1854 in Ripon, Wisconsin, by anti-slavery expansion activists and modernizers. The fledgling party quickly surpassed the Whig Party as the principal opposition to the Democratic Party. In 1860, the GOP rose to power upon the election of former President Abraham Lincoln (R). The party maintained strength through the American Civil War and Reconstruction. The party’s official logo, the elephant, is derived from a cartoon by Thomas Nast.[2]The website for the Republican National Committee (RNC) provides the following history of the GOP:[7] “ Founding of the Republican PartyOn July 6, 1854, just after the anniversary of the nation, an anti-slavery state convention was held in Jackson, Michigan. The hot day forced the large crowd outside to a nearby oak grove. At this ‘Under the Oaks Convention’ the first statewide candidates were selected for what would become the Republican Party.United by desire to abolish slavery, it was in Jackson that the Platform of the Under the Oaks Convention read: ‘…we will cooperate and be known as REPUBLICANS…’ Prior to July, smaller groups had gathered in intimate settings like the schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. However, the meeting in Jackson would be the first ever mass gathering of the Republican Party.The name ‘Republican’ was chosen, alluding to Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party and conveying a commitment to the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.Party of FreedomThough popularized in a Thomas Nast cartoon, the GOP’s elephant symbol originated during the 1860 campaign, as a symbol of Republican strength. Republicans envisioned ‘free soil, free speech, free labor.’ Under the leadership of President Abraham Lincoln, the GOP became the Party of the Union as well.President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, but it was the entire Republican Party who freed the slaves. The 1864 Republican National Convention called for the abolition of slavery, and Congressional Republicans passed the 13th Amendment unanimously, with only a few Democrat votes.The early women’s rights movement was solidly Republican, as it was a continuation of abolitionism. They were careful not to be overly partisan, but as did Susan B. Anthony, most suffragists favored the GOP. The 19th Amendment was written by a Republican senator and garnered greater support from Republicans than from Democrats.Party of ProsperityRead more: Who is Daniel Tosh Dating Now? | Top Q&ALow taxes, sound money, regulatory restraint: these were among the commonsense economic policies established by the GOP that brought about decades of prosperity after the Civil War. Republicans encouraged innovation and rule of law. Buttressed by Republican control in Congress, the McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt and Taft administrations cleared away obstacles to economic growth.President Dwight Eisenhower and congressional Republicans appreciated the fact that the private sector, not government, is the engine of wealth creation. With his bold tax-cutting agenda, President Ronald Reagan revived the economy after years of Democrat malaise.Party of VisionTheodore Roosevelt embodies our Party’s traditional concern for the environment, but the Republican commitment to the environment actually goes back much further than that. For example, the world’s first national park, Yellowstone, was established during the Ulysses Grant administration.President Eisenhower advocated groundbreaking civil rights legislation and vigorously enforced the Brown v Board of Education decision, sending the 101st Airborne to Little Rock when chaos erupted following integration at Central High.Ronald Reagan explained the difference between Democrats and Republicans in a way that cannot be improved upon: “Two visions of the future, two fundamentally different ways of governing – their government of pessimism, fear, and limits, or ours of hope, confidence, and growth. Their government sees people only as members of groups. Ours serves all the people of America as individuals.President George H.W. Bush championed community and volunteer organizations and the tremendous power they have for doing good. He famously described them as “a brilliant diversity spread like stars, like a thousand points of light in a broad and peaceful sky.”In the first decade of the 21st century, President George W. Bush made an unprecedented commitment to helping those in need beyond our shores through the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), an aid program for countries devastated by HIV/AIDS. Since its inception, PEPFAR has saved over a million lives and currently provides over 5 million people with life-saving treatments.Party of StrengthPresident Reagan and President George H.W. Bush led western democracies to victory over Soviet tyranny in the Cold War. The George W. Bush administration maintained the military second-to-none and projected that power in the fight against international terrorism.Party of the FutureDrawing inspiration from our Party’s history, today’s Republicans believe individuals, not government, make the best decisions; all people are entitled to equal rights; and decisions are best made close to home.At the state level, the nation’s thirty Republican governors are making government more effective and efficient, spurring economic growth and striving to put more power in the hands of the people.Nationally, Republicans recognize that the slow, bloated, top-down Washington bureaucracy is out-of-date in the 21st century. Our Party works to give Americans more choices—in healthcare, in education, in energy, and in the economy—and to free individuals and families from the intrusive overreach of federal bureaucrats.The Party’s core principles of freedom and equal opportunity are as relevant today as at our founding, and they are the roadmap for American renewal in a new and interconnected world.[8] ”

Leadership

National Party LeadershipRead more: prayers for a husband who is unfaithful | Top Q&AThe following table lists the national leadership of the Republican Party and the Republican National Committee (RNC), as of January 2021:[9][10][11][12][13][14] Title Officer State Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel Michigan Co-chairman Thomas Hicks Jr. Texas Treasurer Ron Kaufman Massachusetts Secretary Vicki Drummond Alabama Governors Association chairman Governor Doug Ducey Arizona Senatorial Campaign chairman Senator Rick Scott Florida Senate minority leader Senator Mitch McConnell Kentucky Senate minority whip Senator John Thune South Dakota Senate Republican Conference chair Senator John Barrasso Wyoming Senate Republican Policy Committee chair Senator Roy Blunt Missouri Senate Republican Conference vice chair Senator Joni Ernst Iowa House minority leader Congressman Kevin McCarthy California House minority whip Congressman Steve Scalise Louisiana House Republican Conference chairman Congresswoman Liz Cheney Wyoming House Republican Policy Committee chairman Congressman Gary Palmer AlabamaState chairpersonsThe following table lists the state and territory chairpersons of the Republican National Committee (RNC), as of August 2021. Click “show” on the box below to view the full list.[15] State Republican Party chairs, as of August 2021 State Chairperson State Chairperson Alabama John Wahl Montana Don Kaltschmidt Alaska Ann Brown Nebraska Dan Welch American Samoa Taulapapa William Sword Nevada Michael McDonald Arizona Kelli Ward New Hampshire Steve Stepanek Arkansas Jonelle Fulmer New Jersey Bob Hugin California Jessica Millan Patterson New Mexico Steve Pearce Colorado Kristi Burton Brown New York Nicholas A. Langworthy Connecticut Ben Proto North Carolina Michael Whatley Delaware Jane Brady North Dakota Perrie Schafer District of Columbia Patrick Mara Northern Mariana Islands James Ada Florida Joe Gruters Ohio Bob Paduchik Georgia David Shafer Oklahoma John Bennett Guam Juan Carlos Benitez Oregon Dallas Heard Hawaii Signe Godfrey Pennsylvania Lawrence Tabas Idaho Tom Luna Puerto Rico Angel Cintrón Illinois Don Tracy Rhode Island Sue Cienki Indiana Kyle Hupfer South Carolina Drew McKissick Iowa Jeff Kaufmann South Dakota Dan Lederman Kansas Mike Kuckelman Tennessee Scott Golden Kentucky J. McCauley Brown Texas Matt Rinaldi Louisiana Louis Gurvich Utah Carson Jorgensen Maine Demi Kouzounas Vermont Deb Billado Maryland Dirk Haire U.S. Virgin Islands N/A Massachusetts Jim Lyons Virginia Rich Anderson Michigan Ron Weiser Washington Caleb Heimlich Minnesota Jennifer Carnahan West Virginia Mark Harris Mississippi Frank Bordeaux Wisconsin Andrew Hitt Missouri Nick Myers Wyoming Frank EathorneHistorical chairpersonsThe following table is a historical list of past and present chairpersons of the Republican National Committee (RNC):[16] Chairperson Term State Edwin D. Morgan 1856-1864 New York Henry J. Raymond 1864-1866 New York Marcus L. Ward 1866-1868 New Jersey William Claflin 1868-1872 Massachusetts Edwin D. Morgan 1872-1876 New York Zachariah Chandler 1876-1879 Michigan J. Donald Cameron 1879-1880 Pennsylvania Marshall Jewell 1880-1883 Connecticut Dwight M. Sabin 1883-1884 Minnesota B. F. Jones 1887-1888 New Jersey Matthew S. Quay 1888-1891 Pennsylvania James S. Clarkson 1891-1892 Iowa Thomas H. Carter 1892-1896 Montana Marcus A. Hanna 1896-1904 Ohio Henry Clay Payne 1904 Wisconsin George Bruce Cortelyou 1904-1907 New York Harry S. New 1907-1908 Indiana Frank Harris Hitchcock 1908-1909 Ohio John Fremont Hill 1910-1912 Maine Victor Rosewater 1912 Nebraska Charles D. Hilles 1912-1916 New York Will H. Hays 1918-1921 Indiana John T. Adams 1921-1924 Iowa William M. Butler 1925 Massachusetts Hubert Work 1928-1929 Colorado Claudius H. Huston 1929-1930 Tennessee Simeon D. Fess 1931 Ohio Everett Sanders 1932-1934 Indiana Henry P. Fletcher 1934-1936 Pennsylvania John Hamilton 1936-1937 Kansas Joseph W. Martin, Jr. 1940-1942 Massachusetts Bailey Walsh 1942 Tennessee Harrison E. Spangler 1942-1944 Iowa Herbert Brownell, Jr. 1944-1946 New York Carroll Reece 1946-1948 Tennessee Hugh D. Scott, Jr. 1948-1949 Pennsylvania Guy G. Gabrielson 1949-1952 New Jersey Arthur E. Summerfield 1952-1953 Michigan Wesley Roberts 1953 Kansas Leonard W. Hall 1953-1957 New York Meade Alcorn 1957-1959 Connecticut Thruston B. Morton 1959-1961 Kentucky William E. Miller 1961-1964 New York Dean Burch 1964-1965 Arizona Ray C. Bliss 1965-1969 Ohio Rogers C. B. Morton 1969-1971 Maryland Robert Dole 1971-1973 Kansas George H. W. Bush 1973-1974 Texas Mary Louise Smith 1974-1977 Iowa William E. Brock III 1977-1981 Tennessee Richard Richards 1981-1983 Utah Frank J. Fahrenkopf, Jr. 1983-1989 Nevada Lee Atwater 1989-1991 South Carolina Clayton Keith Yeutter 1991-1992 Nebraska Richard Bond 1992-1993 Missouri Haley Barbour 1993-1997 Mississippi Jim Nicholson 1997-2001 Colorado Jim Gilmore 2001-2002 Virginia Marc Racicot 2002-2003 Montana Ed Gillespie 2003-2005 Virginia Ken Mehlman 2005-2007 Washington, D.C. Mike Duncan 2007-2009 Kentucky Michael Steele 2009-2011 Maryland Reince Priebus 2011-2017 Wisconsin Ronna Romney McDaniel 2017 – Present Michigan

Platform

See also: The Republican Platform and RNC Platform Committee, 2016 See also: The Republican Party Platform, 2020The Republican National Committee (RNC) drafts a party platform every four years. The platform outlines the official principles, policy stances, and priorities of the Republican Party. It also serves as a mechanism for helping candidates up-and-down the ballot shape their messages and for holding candidates accountable to the broader party consensus.The Republican National Committee’s Executive Committee voted on June 10, 2020, to adopt the same platform the party used in 2016. The decision accompanied a series of adjustments to the itinerary and location of the Republican National Convention due to the coronavirus pandemic, including reducing the number of in-person delegates attending the convention in Charlotte, North Carolina, from 2,500 to 336, and canceling the meeting of the Platform Committee.[17][18]Click here to view the complete 2016 Republican Party Platform.

Conventions

2020 Republican National Convention

See also: Republican National Convention, 2020The Republican Party held its national convention from August 24-27, 2020.[19]Limited in-person events took place in Charlotte, North Carolina.[20] On July 23, 2020, President Donald Trump announced that high-profile convention events previously moved to Jacksonville, Florida, including his nomination acceptance speech, had been canceled for public health and safety reasons. Trump formally accepted the party’s nomination from the White House.[21][22][23]The convention was originally scheduled to take place entirely in Charlotte but statewide restrictions in response to the coronavirus pandemic led to the convention’s planned relocation to Jacksonville.[24] The Republican National Committee Executive Committee voted to downsize the convention in Charlotte, reducing the number of in-person delegates from 2,500 to 336. The committee also decided to adopt the 2016 platform again since the Platform Committee would not be meeting.[25]At the convention, party delegates typically select the Republican presidential nominee and vote to adopt a platform outlining the party’s policy priorities and values. According to presidential historian Tevi Troy, however, “conventions today remain largely party advertising opportunities rather than fora for real decision-making.”[26]

2016 Republican National Convention

See also: Republican National Convention, 2016 See also: 2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rulesThe 2016 Republican National Convention took place in Cleveland, Ohio, at the Quicken Loans Arena from July 18 to July 21, 2016.In order to win the 2016 Republican presidential nomination, a candidate must win 1,237 delegates at the national convention. Republicans have three types of delegates: congressional district delegates, at-large delegates and Republican National Committee (RNC) members. There were expected to be a total of 2,472 delegates at the Republican National Convention.Donald Trump nomination See also: Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 See also: What happened last night at the nomination vote?Donald Trump became the Republican presidential nominee on July 19, 2016. He received the support of 89 delegates over the required 1,237 delegates to earn the nomination. Governor of Indiana Mike Pence (R) earned the vice presidential nomination.[27]

Historical Republican National Conventions

The following table lists the Republican National Conventions organized by the Republican National Committee (RNC):[28] Year Location RNC nominee 1856 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania John C. Fremont 1860 Chicago, Illinois Abraham Lincoln 1864 Baltimore, Maryland Abraham Lincoln 1868 Chicago, Illinois Ulysses Grant 1872 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ulysses Grant 1876 Cincinnati, Ohio Rutherford B. Hayes 1880 Chicago, Illinois James Garfield 1884 Chicago, Illinois James G. Blaine 1888 Chicago, Illinois Benjamin Harrison 1892 Minneapolis, Minnesota Benjamin Harrison 1896 St. Louis, Missouri William McKinley 1900 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania William McKinley 1904 Chicago, Illinois Theodore Roosevelt 1908 Chicago, Illinois William Howard Taft 1912 Chicago, Illinois William Howard Taft 1916 Chicago, Illinois Charles Evan Hughes 1920 Chicago, Illinois Warren G. Harding 1924 Cleveland, Ohio Calvin Coolidge 1928 Kansas City, Kansas Herbert Hoover 1932 Chicago, Illinois Herbert Hoover 1936 Cleveland, Ohio Alfred Landon 1940 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Wendell Willkie 1944 Chicago, Illinois Thomas Dewey 1948 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas Dewey 1952 Chicago, Illinois Dwight Eisenhower 1956 San Francisco, California Dwight Eisenhower 1960 Chicago, Illinois Richard Nixon 1964 San Francisco, California Barry Goldwater 1968 Miami Beach, Florida Richard Nixon 1972 Miami Beach, Florida Richard Nixon 1976 Kansas City, Kansas Gerald Ford 1980 Detroit, Michigan Ronald Reagan 1984 Dallas, Texas Ronald Reagan 1988 New Orleans, Louisiana George H. W. Bush 1992 Houston, Texas George H. W. Bush 1996 San Diego, California Bob Dole 2000 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania George W. Bush 2004 New York, New York George W. Bush 2008 St. Paul, Minnesota John McCain 2012 Tampa, Florida Mitt Romney 2016 Cleveland, Ohio Donald Trump 2020 Charlotte, North Carolina Donald Trump

Recent news

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See also

• Republican National Committee
• Republican National Convention, 2016
• The Republican Platform and RNC Platform Committee, 2016
• Republican National Convention, 2020
• The Republican Party Platform, 2020
• National Republican Senatorial Committee
• National Republican Congressional Committee
• State Republican parties
• Democratic Party

External links

• Republican National Committee
• RNC on YouTube
• RNC on Twitter
• RNC on Facebook
• U.S. Senate Republican Conference
• U.S. House Republican Conference
• National Republican Senatorial Committee
• National Republican Congressional Committee
• Republican Governors Association
• Republican State Leadership Committee
• Republican Jewish Coalition
• Republican State Leadership Committee
• National Black Republican Association
• RNC Black Republicans
• RNC Hispanic Republicans
• RNC Women Republicans
• Young Republican National Federation
• College Republican National Committee
• Republican Party Historical Society
• C-SPAN, “A History of the Republican Party”

Additional reading

• Gould, Lewis (2003). Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans, New York, New York: Random House

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