what is the instructional manual for our body
Genetic research has come a long way since DNA was discovered in the 1950s, allowing doctors to devise tests that can detect cancer very early. Thanks to developments in genetic testing, patients who develop cancer can be treated in the early stages of the disease and can also benefit from a personalized medical approach to providing them with solutions. most appropriate treatment. But all these discoveries about genetics rested on an understanding of genes. What exactly does the word “gene” refer to? Genes are the part of DNA, which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the chemical molecule that carries an individual’s genetic information. As carriers of genetic information, most genes determine a particular trait of a person, such as eye color or blood type.DNA: the map for the development of living organismsThe human body is made up of different components, such as organs such as the brain, heart, and muscles. . These cells are generally the same and perform similar roles in tissues to ensure the normal functioning of organs. In the heart, for example, the cells contract in synchrony in the tissue, allowing the heart to beat and fulfill its role in pumping blood. in their nucleus. This molecule is made up of 4 smaller molecules (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine) that are copied billions of times.With a few exceptions, a complete, identical copy of DNA is found in all cells of the human body, whether they are skin cells, muscle cells, or other types of cells. . As far as carrying genetic information, DNA acts like a leaflet that, thanks to the specific configuration of these 4 molecules, is unique to every person on the planet. It can also be used to code messages and operating commands, like a manual that tells cells how to operate.Gene: a unit of informationRead more: Cash Nasty biography: age, height, real name, girlfriend, occupation | First Q&A The role of DNA is not just to inform and describe (because it contains all the information about an individual: eye color, gender, etc.); it also has a functional role similar to an instruction manual, it contains all the information that enables cells to perform their functions. If a bone cell needs to make bone, the DNA contains all the information needed to do this. In fact, bone cells only need a fraction of the information found in DNA to function; for example, it does not need information about eye color. Only small portions of DNA that are specific to a particular function or indication “express themselves” to be used by the cell. It is these small parts that we call genes, and the total genetic material of each human cell (called the genome) contains about 20,000 such genes. In summary, most genes carry a cellular characteristic, mechanism or function. For example, some are responsible for eye color, others allow bone cells to form bone, and still others allow muscle cells to make contractile proteins. At the functional level, genes or segments of DNA are the manuals that cells read, understand, and interpret throughout their lives. These genes are passed on during fertilization. This means that the child receives a copy of the mother’s genes and a copy of the father’s genes. The cell that normally needs the gene in question to perform its function (such as to shrink) will no longer be able to function, completely or partially, thereby causing organ failure and leading to disease. so the same gene is an advantage. If one gene passed down by a parent is changed, the other can function properly and in some cases the individual will not develop the disease. For example, in the case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the altered gene that causes the disease is found on the X chromosome passed on by the mother. Women possess 2 copies of the X chromosome. If one of a woman’s X chromosomes contains the altered gene and the other is a functional gene, muscular dystrophy will not activate. In contrast, boys only have one copy of the X chromosome. So if the X chromosome passes to the boy carrying the altered gene, there will be no healthy genes available on another chromosome to prevent disease onset. parents or appear throughout an individual’s life, for example, in cancer), genetic research makes a significant contribution to the fight against a number of diseases. The identification of specific genes that cause disease means that in some areas it is now possible to develop new treatments and develop drugs that can affect these genes before the disease emerges. presently. Ultimately, a better understanding of the genes that cause the disease will allow doctors to assess the risk of disease onset even before the first clinical signs appear and to take preventive measures. , or even replace these faulty genes to restore altered function. The advent of personalized medicine, especially in oncology, is also a very promising development. By identifying the genes that affect the effectiveness of a treatment, doctors gain a much better understanding of how patients will respond to a particular treatment, allowing them to choose which treatment to use. The most appropriate treatment is based on the patient’s genetic makeup, avoiding risks. Therefore, current and future advances are based on an increasing understanding of DNA and genes. Read more: What is a group of crocodiles called.
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